MOFA Writing Set 1

Exam Paper I

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• Translation
• Passage and Question
• Grammar
• Writing

Dashboard

An interactive overview of the "Translations and Past Questions Extra Paper I". This dashboard provides a summary of the available practice sections.

Translation Practice

Hone your language skills by translating the following passages. Type your translation in the provided text area. These exercises are drawn from various pages of the exam paper.

English to Nepali (15 Marks)

Remember the old days when the entire family used to sit together every evening to watch soaps in their television sets? Technological convergence has altered the scenario, and now people can view their favorite shows on their mobile phone at any place and at any time. Technological convergence is the amalgamation of traditional and new media content disseminated through a single device. Previously, every technological device was assigned to carry out specific task but technological convergence has made it possible for people to perform their personal tasks on their cell phones, tablets and even television sets. Now you can talk, chat, message and video chat through a single device.

नमुना उत्तर:

पुरानो दिनहरू सम्झनुहोस् जब सम्पूर्ण परिवार हरेक साँझ टेलिभिजनमा धारावाहिक हेर्न सँगै बस्ने गर्थे? प्राविधिक अभिसरणले यो परिदृश्य परिवर्तन गरेको छ, र अब मानिसहरूले आफ्नो मनपर्ने कार्यक्रमहरू आफ्नो मोबाइल फोनमा जुनसुकै ठाउँमा र जुनसुकै समयमा हेर्न सक्छन्। प्राविधिक अभिसरण भनेको एउटै उपकरणमार्फत परम्परागत र नयाँ मिडिया सामग्रीको मिश्रण हो। पहिले, प्रत्येक प्राविधिक उपकरणलाई विशेष कार्य गर्न तोकिएको थियो तर प्राविधिक अभिसरणले मानिसहरूलाई आफ्नो व्यक्तिगत कार्यहरू सेल फोन, ट्याब्लेट र टेलिभिजन सेटहरूमा पनि गर्न सम्भव बनाएको छ। अब तपाईं एउटै उपकरणमार्फत कुरा गर्न, च्याट गर्न, सन्देश पठाउन र भिडियो च्याट गर्न सक्नुहुन्छ।

Nepali to English (15 Marks)

नेपाली समाजमा अहिले पनि अवशेषका रूपमा केही रूढी-बादी मान्यताहरू छन् । संसारको कतिपय उदाहरणहरू हेर्दा बलियाहरूले शासन गर्ने र कमजोरहरू शोषित हुने गरेको पाईन्छ । हाम्रो धार्मिक परम्परालाई हेर्दा नारीको स्थान पूजनीय र सर्वोच्च भएपनि अहिलेपनि कतिपय जिल्लाको धरातलीय स्थिति हेर्दा महिलाहरू हेपिएका छन् । विभेदपूर्ण लैङ्गिक र आर्थिक असमानता तोड्ने प्रयासहरूले निकै सकारात्मक परिवर्तन ल्याएपनि आफन्तद्वारा गरिने हिंसाबाट सिर्जित शारीरिक, मानसिक र अन्य यौनजन्य पीडाहरू र अधिकारमाथिको अतिक्रमणले कतिपय शहरी क्षेत्रमा पनि महिलाहरू पीडित भएको पाईन्छ ।

Sample Answer:

Even now, remnants of some conservative beliefs exist in Nepali society. Looking at various examples around the world, it is found that the powerful rule and the weak are exploited. Although the position of women is revered and supreme in our religious tradition, even now, looking at the ground reality in many districts, women are oppressed. Even though efforts to break discriminatory gender and economic inequality have brought very positive changes, women are found to be victims of physical, mental, and other sexual abuses caused by violence from relatives, and infringement of rights, even in some urban areas.

Nepali to English (10 Marks)

नेपालको भारतसंगको सम्वन्धलाई बहुआयामिक र अत्यन्त घनिष्ट रूपमा भन्न सकिन्छ । सामाजिक, आर्थिक, सांस्कृतिक र राजनीतिक निकटता यसको आधारको रूपमा रहेको छ, खुल्ला सिमाना र जनता-जनता वीच सम्पर्क सदियौ देखि यो सम्वन्धलाई प्रगाढ बनाउने थप आधारहरू हुन् । भू-परिवेष्ठित मुलुकको रूपमा पूर्व, दक्षिण र पश्चिम सिमाना भारतसंग नै जोडिएको छ। नेपालको वैदेशिक व्यापारको साठी प्रतिशत भारतसंग नै हुन्छ बांकी चालिस प्रतिशत मध्ये तीस प्रतिशतको वैदेशिक व्यापार पनि भारतको भूमी भएर बन्दरगाह हुदै तेस्रो मुलुकमा हुने गरेको छ ।

Sample Answer:

Nepal's relationship with India can be described as multi-dimensional and extremely close. Social, economic, cultural, and political proximity forms its basis. The open border and people-to-people contact have been additional foundations for strengthening this relationship for centuries. As a landlocked country, its eastern, southern, and western borders are connected with India. Sixty percent of Nepal's foreign trade is with India, and out of the remaining forty percent, thirty percent of foreign trade also takes place via Indian territory through ports to third countries.

Passage and Question

Read the passages and answer the questions that follow. Type your answers in the provided text areas. Click on a passage title to expand it and view the text and questions.

Nepal has notched notable success in conserving nature: five years of zero poaching of rhinos and tigers in national parks, the doubling of the wild tiger population in 10 years and protection of plant species. However, roads, irrigation canals, transmission lines and even railways are now threatening to undermine these achievements... The government has always prioritized infrastructure, which while essential for development, is a major threat to conservation. Our occupation, therefore, is with mitigation measures on the existing roads and finding out ways to make new infrastructure safer for wildlife. If we do not act now, it will be too late. Our tourism industry and economy depends on our conservation efforts.

Questions (Fictional, based on text):

1. What are the main threats to Nepal's conservation achievements?

The main threats to Nepal's conservation achievements are new infrastructure projects like roads, irrigation canals, transmission lines, and railways, which undermine the protected areas.

2. Besides poaching, what are the primary causes of rhino deaths in Chitwan?

Besides poaching, primary causes of rhino deaths in Chitwan include old age, disease, fights with other rhinos, poisoning, and accidental deaths (e.g., falling into septic tanks).

3. What is the proposed solution to balance development and conservation?

The proposed solution is to implement mitigation measures on existing roads and find ways to make new infrastructure safer for wildlife, balancing economic growth with ecological protection.

Today's world seems more risk-laden than ever. The increasingly visible effects of climate change, rising geo-political tensions, state crisis and collapse, inadequate or unequal economic opportunities, and the spread of infectious diseases to name just some of the highest profile threats have created an environment of great uncertainty... In order to become better prepared to tackle future pandemics, the World Bank must invest now in strengthening public health systems, bolstering developing countries' disease prevention capacity, and establishing new and flexible financing instruments.

Questions:

1. Give a suitable title to the passage.

Suitable Title: Global Risks and Preparedness for Future Pandemics.

2. Why is the world today more risk laden than the past?

The world today is more risk-laden due to increasingly visible effects of climate change, rising geo-political tensions, state crisis and collapse, inadequate or unequal economic opportunities, and the spread of infectious diseases.

3. What is the role of world leaders to lessen the crisis?

The role of world leaders is to come together to develop real strategies for mitigating these risks.

4. Which are the major areas identified for preparedness to face the global crisis?

The major areas identified for preparedness are strengthening public health systems, bolstering developing countries' disease prevention capacity, and establishing new and flexible financing instruments.

5. How can the World Bank facilitate to make the world a safer place to live in?

The World Bank can facilitate in making the world safer by investing in strengthening public health systems, bolstering disease prevention capacity in developing countries, and establishing new and flexible financing instruments like the global pandemic emergency facility.

Grammar & Vocabulary

Test your knowledge of English grammar and vocabulary with these exercises.

a) Vocabulary (2 Marks)

Give the meaning of any two words from the following and use them in sentences:
i) Banquet ii) Courtesy call iii) Negotiation iv) Credential

Sample Answers:

i) Banquet: A large formal meal for many people, often followed by speeches.
Sentence: The President hosted a grand banquet for the visiting dignitaries.

ii) Courtesy call: A formal visit made as a gesture of respect or politeness.
Sentence: The new ambassador paid a courtesy call on the foreign minister.

iii) Negotiation: Discussion aimed at reaching an agreement.
Sentence: The negotiation between the two companies lasted for several hours.

iv) Credential: A qualification, achievement, personal quality, or aspect of a person's background, especially when used to indicate that they are suitable for something.
Sentence: Her impressive credentials made her the top candidate for the job.

b) Past Tense Correction (2 Marks)

Put the verb into correct form of past tense:
It seemed that someone (Take) the cheque while she (sign) the papers.

Correct Answer: It seemed that someone had taken the cheque while she was signing the papers.

c) Prepositions (2 Marks)

Complete the following sentences with appropriate prepositions:
The exercise........... page 12 is rather easy. They live...........the supermarket and the grocery.

Correct Answer: The exercise on page 12 is rather easy. They live between the supermarket and the grocery.

d) Error Correction (2 Marks)

Find the grammatical errors and correct them in the following sentences:
1. The shoes were not fitting me, so I did not buy them.
2. I get up at seven, put on my clothes and then left.

Correct Answer 1: The shoes did not fit me, so I did not buy them.
Correct Answer 2: I got up at seven, put on my clothes and then left.

Writing Tasks

Practice your formal writing skills with the following prompts. These tasks require drafting official documents and writing essays on specific topics.

Draft a Joint Press Statement (15 Marks)

The president is on a state visit to the People's Republic of China at the invitation of her Chinese counterpart. Draft a joint press statement to be issued on the conclusion of the visit.

Sample Answer:

JOINT PRESS STATEMENT

On the Occasion of the State Visit of [President's Name], President of [Country], to the People's Republic of China

During the visit, the two Presidents held fruitful discussions on a wide range of bilateral, regional, and international issues of mutual interest. Both sides reaffirmed their commitment to strengthening the comprehensive strategic partnership, emphasizing mutual respect, sovereignty, and non-interference in internal affairs.

Key outcomes included the signing of several agreements and Memoranda of Understanding in areas such as economic cooperation, trade, infrastructure development, cultural exchange, and environmental protection. Both leaders underscored the importance of enhancing people-to-people ties and fostering greater understanding between their nations.

The Presidents agreed to continue high-level exchanges and consultations to further deepen bilateral relations and coordinate positions on global challenges. They expressed satisfaction with the progress made and reiterated their shared vision for a peaceful, prosperous, and sustainable future.

President [President's Name] extended her sincere gratitude to President [Chinese Counterpart's Name] and the Government and people of China for the warm hospitality extended during the visit. The President of [Country] invited President [Chinese Counterpart's Name] to visit [Country] at a mutually convenient time, which was accepted with pleasure.

[City, Date]

Draft a Message of Condolences (10 Marks)

Sri Lanka recently experienced a series of bomb blasts, killing innocent people and destroying property. Draft a first-person message of condolences to the Prime Minister of that country from the Prime Minister of Nepal.

[Letterhead: Government of Nepal]

OFFICE OF THE PRIME MINISTER

[Date]

Your Excellency,

Your Excellency, I am saddened to learn with profound shock and sorrow of the recent series of heinous bomb blasts in Sri Lanka, which tragically claimed innocent lives and caused widespread destruction of property.

On behalf of the Government and people of Nepal, and on my own behalf, I extend our deepest condolences and heartfelt sympathies to Your Excellency, the Government and the bereaved families who have lost their loved ones in this senseless act of violence. Our thoughts and prayers are with the victims and all those affected by this tragedy.

Nepal stands in solidarity with Sri Lanka during this difficult time. We condemn terrorism in all its forms and manifestations and reiterate our firm commitment to working together with the international community to combat this global menace.

May the souls of the departed rest in eternal peace, and may those injured recover swiftly. We are confident that the resilient people of Sri Lanka will overcome this adversity with courage and unity.

Signature
[Your Name]
Prime Minister of Nepal

To:
His Excellency [Prime Minister of Sri Lanka's Name]
Prime Minister of Sri Lanka
[City, Sri Lanka]

Essay Writing (10 Marks)

Write an essay on one of the following topics in about 200 words:
i) Foreign Employment
ii) Tourism as a part of Economic Diplomacy
iii) Nepal's participation in the UN peacekeeping operations

Sample Answer (Topic: Foreign Employment):

Foreign employment has become a significant aspect of many developing economies, including Nepal. While it provides a crucial source of remittances, boosting national income and improving living standards for many families, it also presents a complex array of challenges. On one hand, it alleviates domestic unemployment, broadens skill sets for returnees, and exposes individuals to diverse cultures and work ethics. The financial benefits often enable families to invest in education, health, and small businesses, contributing to poverty reduction.

However, the social costs are considerable. Families are fragmented, leading to psychological stress and a breakdown of traditional support systems. Workers, particularly those in vulnerable positions, often face exploitation, low wages, and unsafe working conditions abroad. The brain drain of skilled labor can hinder domestic development, and the economy can become overly reliant on remittances, making it susceptible to global economic fluctuations. Addressing these issues requires robust government policies, including skill development programs, safe migration initiatives, and investments in domestic job creation to transform foreign employment from a necessity into a choice.